Introduction
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute defined as Enterobacterales resistant to carbapenem or produced carbapenemases, cause severe nosocomial infections. In early 2017, the World Health Organization listed it as a critical priority pathogen.1 The incidence of CRE infection in China is 4.0 per 10,000 discharges.2 The prevalence of CRE worldwide has always been increasing in recent years.3 The successful spread of CRE is the result of plasmid-mediated horizontal gene transfer and its clone groups.4 There has been an extensive increase in the use of carbapenem antibiotics since the emergence of ESBLs in Enterobacterales. 5
The therapeutic options available against CRE are limited, with only a few active antimicrobials left for use, alternative antimicrobials are usually limited to carbapenem, colistin, aminoglycosides, and tigecycline.6 Carbapenem is beneficial only for…
